Comprehensive LNG Voyage & Demurrage Analysis
An advanced tool for calculating voyage economics, emissions, and port demurrage for the global LNG trade. Make data-driven decisions with precision.
Define Voyage
Select from a comprehensive list of global export and import terminals and choose the optimal route.
Enter Economics
Input detailed economic and technical parameters, including pricing, fuel consumption, and operational costs.
Analyze Results
Instantly view a full breakdown of the voyage summary, emissions data, and power generation equivalents.
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Explore Key Concepts
From production to port operations, explore the key aspects of the LNG supply chain and maritime contracts.
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is natural gas (primarily methane) that has been cooled to approximately -162°C (-260°F), turning it into a liquid. This process reduces its volume by about 600 times, making it economical to transport over long distances.
The first commercial LNG plant was built in 1941. The first dedicated LNG carrier, the Methane Pioneer, made its maiden voyage in 1959, proving the viability of long-distance sea transport and paving the way for the global energy trade we see today.
Modern LNG carriers are highly specialized vessels, most commonly Moss Rosenberg (spherical tanks) and Membrane (integrated tanks) types. They range in capacity from small-scale carriers to large Q-Max vessels over 260,000 m³.
The supply chain involves liquefaction at an export terminal, sea transport on a carrier, and unloading at an import terminal. At the destination, the LNG is regasified (warmed back into a gas) and injected into the local pipeline network.
Bio-LNG, or Liquefied Biomethane, is a renewable form of LNG produced from organic waste. It is chemically identical to conventional LNG but has a much lower carbon footprint, making it a 'drop-in' green fuel for the future.
After regasification, natural gas is primarily used for power generation, industrial processes, and residential/commercial heating. Its efficiency and lower emissions compared to coal make it a crucial fuel for the energy transition.
The largest LNG exporters include the United States, Qatar, and Australia. Major importers are concentrated in Asia (Japan, China, South Korea) and Europe. The market is driven by energy security and the demand for cleaner energy.
Recent advancements include Floating LNG (FLNG) and Floating Storage Regasification Units (FSRUs), which provide more flexible infrastructure. Engine technology is also evolving to reduce methane slip and improve environmental performance.
Demurrage is a fee paid by the charterer to the shipowner when a vessel is used beyond the agreed-upon time for loading or unloading, known as 'laytime'. It serves as a penalty for delays that prevent the owner from operating the vessel.
Laytime is the allocated period for cargo operations. It is defined in the charter party agreement and can be calculated in various ways (e.g., reversible, non-reversible). If operations exceed the allowed laytime, the vessel is on demurrage.
The NOR is a critical document submitted by the ship's master to the charterer, declaring the vessel is ready to load or discharge cargo. The start of laytime is typically counted from a specific point after the NOR is accepted.
The calculation involves determining the total time used for operations, subtracting any agreed-upon excludable periods (like weather delays), and comparing it to the allowed laytime. The excess time is multiplied by the daily demurrage rate.